During
the past year we have supped on hoity-toity dishes like “Curried
Cauliflower with Mango” and “Grilled Sea Scallops with Peach and
Papaya Salsa.” All good dishes of course, but now it's Thanksgiving,
and Thanksgiving is no time for experimentation with trendy ingredients.
I patiently wait each year for Thanksgiving to arrive because
to me, it is like having dinner with a trusted friend. That old
fellow that you only see once a year, but each time the embrace
is warm and the lively conversation peppered with memories of
Thanksgivings past.
I rarely eat turkey on any other day of the year. It is my spoiled
belief that to truly savor the beauty of a golden-skinned, moist
turkey, once must do so on the one day of the year in which turkey
is the indisputable king of the table. While “Black-bean and Turkey
Quesadillas with Smoked Cojita Cheese” may in fact be quite a
good Summer snack, the experience is just not the same as tucking
into a turkey surrounded by glistening red currants and presented
on the family’s heirloom china on a cold, November evening.
Because I hold the Thanksgiving turkey in such high regard, I
find it only fitting that Mr. Tom be the main character in this
story -- the tale of my pursuit one year to fetch the family’s
holiday meal.
One reads all sorts of proclamations in newspapers and food magazines
this time of year as to what makes the best turkey: Organic, Free-Range,
Frozen, Fresh, Young Hen, Butterball or Basted. Frankly, as one
whose turkey taste buds are well honed, I don’t think that there
is much of a difference in the taste between any of the aforementioned
birds. I am sure that I am in for criticism from the various turkey
camps who think that since their birds roam free and peck at dandelions
that they taste better. I beg to differ.
There
is however, a difference in the breed of turkey you choose
-- a difference between the gobbler that runs wild through the
forest and the more docile turkey who sits in a protected barn.
Trust me, I know.
A few years ago, I decided to attend an annual event put on by
friends, the “Linda and Lou Houck Annual Turkey Shoot.” In fact,
there was no shooting involved. It was a cold-hearted, knife to
the throat, turkey killing adventure.
In the late 1970’s, Linda and Lou migrated to the Northwest from
upstate New York where their families had lived for generations.
Linda and Lou had lived in an area that is isolated and rural,
far from the concrete expanses of lower Manhattan. In the winter,
driving a few miles to town can be an arduous task. Their lifestyle
dictated that they had to raise many of their own provisions,
canning fruits and vegetables in the summer in anticipation of
a hard winter in which snow would cover the fields for literally
the next six months. The winds of Autumn were the call for hunting
and bird shooting to stock the freezer with game and fowl in store
for the hard freeze that waited.
The Houck clan brought their life of hunting and gathering to
Washington state, including their string of wild turkeys. They
were a gangly band of birds that Lou had raised from eggs he got
from a fellow New Yorker who raised a breed of wild turkey.
When Linda and Lou moved to the Northwest, the name of the annual
turkey shoot lived on, albeit in a different form.
Wild turkeys are found in all the lower 48 states and are rumored
to be found in Hawaii. There are a number of different breeds,
but all wild turkeys are distinguished by their dark golden brown
feathers, long legs and tall bodies, and colorful heads. Farm-raised
turkeys have white feathers, short legs and plump breasts. The
spurs on their feet and the points of their beaks are shaved off
to eliminate any sharp points which could hurt the turkeys as
they try, in vain, to strut around their restricted pens.
The picture of claiming the Thanksgiving turkey that you have
framed in your mind is quintessentially American -- a group of
friends, hot buttered rum in hand, gathered round the fire sharing
tales of the day’s turkey shoot. That picture inspired me to traipse
off to Linda and Lou’s farm for our Thanksgiving bird.
We gathered at their small farm on a typical Northwest day early
in November -- wet, wet, wet. The legends you have heard about
the weather in the Northwest are true. It rains. A lot. I have
lived here 45 years and no, you do not get used to it.
Aside from the Douglas Fir trees, ferns and moss plants which
drink up thousands of gallons of cool forest rain, I don’t find
many other creatures, much less humans, who consider the rain
beautiful. The rain soaks everything, including turkey “shooters.”
Gloves, hats, coats and down through your boots. Everything is
soaked. And when it is wet, pure virgin wool socks do not smell
wonderful when hung in front of a crackling pine fire.
This year, Lou had 6 birds ready for the table, one young male
bird and five hens. The other two birds in the group would be
spared, old “Tom” whose days of making baby turkeys had passed
and “Penny,” mother hen of the birds slated to meet their maker
that day.
We drew straws to determine who would have first crack at choosing
their turkey. When it came time for me to choose, three hens and
the lone male remained. By now the remaining turkeys were on to
us. They had witnessed and heard what was going on up the hill
behind the barnyard -- a ruckus of cackling and flying feathers
that did not bode well for the victims still waiting to meet their
fate. Needless to say, the birds were skittish and doing everything
they could to escape through the rickety chicken wire pen that
Lou had haphazardly constructed.
Lou and I entered the pen. I chose the male turkey with the thought
that he was bigger than the hens and thus, had more meat. He proved
to be fighter, flapping his nearly six foot wingspan, and striking
out with his razor sharp spurs in an attempt to flee my grasp.
Lou and I wrestled the turkey into submission and carried him
up the hill. I led with a vise-grip on the turkey’s neck, Lou
behind him with the turkey’s legs firmly underneath his arms.
When we reached the top of the hill, we tied the turkey to a
makeshift medieval gallows that Lou had fashioned out of a rusty
old kid’s playset, swings and slide removed. We secured the turkey’s
legs with a rope and lashed it over the top bar of the swingset.
A green, canvas tarp from the Army surplus store served as a backdrop
to shield the horror of what was to come from those too squeamish
to harvest a turkey themselves. Another tarp was placed beneath
the swingset in order to keep the green grass below from showing
any evidence whatsoever of what would take place.
Within seconds of tethering the turkey he went into a sort of
daze, his wings hung limp from his sides and all struggling had
ceased. I suppose the blood rushed to his head and put him into
a turkey trance. It was time for me to take over. Lou handed me
what appeared to be the oldest, dullest, most ineffective knife
I had ever seen. He assured me that this knife, which had seen
him through numerous whitetail deer hunts and treed ‘coons, would
do the trick sharply and swiftly.
I shall spare you the details of what took place next. Suffice
it to say that it was fast. Thank God for both the turkey and
myself. As a child I had harvested chickens in a similar manner
and they had not gone quickly. After wielding the hatchet they
had taken a romp around the barnyard before flying up to poultry
heaven.
Now it was time for the real dirty work to begin, dressing the
turkeys. And I don’t mean putting bread inside of them. (As an
aside, the two terms “dressing” and “stuffing” are not used properly
in most circles. “Stuffing” is what is put in the bird, “dressing”
is cooked separately from the turkey.)
We trudged up to another small barn on the property that Lou
had built on stilts. Outside, next to the barn, Lou had filled
an empty, 50-gallon oil drum with hot water. It sat on metal frame
that lifted the barrel about two feet off the ground. Under the
barrel was a propane tank that was spewing out a raging flame
to keep the water boiling. The contraption looked a lot like what
we know today as deep-fat turkey fryers.
Before entering the barn we dunked our turkeys in the hot water.
Not once but about 10 times to insure that the bird was fully
soaked. Hot water acts to seal the bird’s skin and loosen its
feathers, making the act of plucking feathers much, much easier.
Some turkey hunters eschew this step totally, preferring to skin
the bird, feathers and all. What a travesty, the skin of the turkey,
crisp and golden, is delicious, and without it a turkey would
be naked and embarrassed to be on the table.
Inside the barn, a long table hewn from fir trees took up the
center and breadth of the entire room. Under the auspices of Lou
and Linda, we set out to pluck the feathers off our birds. The
first step was to remove the “beard”. A prize saved by wild turkey
hunters, the beard is a wisp of wiry feathers that falls from
the breast of male turkeys. A long “beard” attests to both the
age and the virility of the turkey. Next came the removal of the
long wing feathers. One uses the utmost care when taking the wing
feathers because they fetch a premium price from fishermen who
use them to hand-tie fly patterns in the hopes of landing a record
cutthroat trout. The final step was to eviscerate the bird, a
fancy term that means “taking the guts out.”
Farmers and hunters waste nothing and once the liver, heart and
gizzard were removed, we rinsed them off in clean water and put
them into bags for safekeeping. These delicious turkey parts would
add an element of texture and flavor to our cornbread dressing.
At this point, one cannot place one’s previously squawking turkey
in the fridge. Freshly harvested animals and birds must be “hung”
in order to cool the carcass and meat before it is refrigerated
or bacteria in the meat could multiply and be anything but hospitable
to your guests. My turkey would hang in the cool air of the barn
for the next 4 hours while we went off to the main house for a
lunch of wieners, sauerkraut and beer.
I awoke Thanksgiving morning with the anticipation of a glorious
day in the kitchen preparing dressing and baking desserts. I was
planning a momentous Thanksgiving this year, roasting an impressive
wild turkey that I had harvested with my own hands.
One of my biggest culinary mistakes happened that day. I assumed
that a wild turkey should be cooked like his cousin who came out
of the meat case at the supermarket. Wild birds are lean; they
are on the run literally day and night. With nary a glob of fat
under their skin, wild birds cannot be cooked for the same time
per pound as their store bought brethren. In fact, you would be
advised to cook a wild turkey for about half the time on the roasting
chart for a regular turkey.
Since my turkey was nearing 13 lbs., I assumed the normal time
of around five hours of roasting would do the trick. I put the
bird in the oven and retired to a lounge chair for an afternoon
of football, potato chips and snoring.
When the timer went off, I raced to the kitchen with glee that
the moment had finally arrived, time to taste the turkey I had
taken with my own hands.
As I pulled the roaster out of the oven, the glorious turkey
was just as I had imagined, a deep, mahogany color with crisp,
crackling skin. The aroma of the turkey had a slight scent of
the damp forest that surrounded Lou’s farm. This would be a mighty
tasty Thanksgiving bird.
The table was set with family heirlooms we had taken from the
bank: the sterling silver, linens, salt and pepper wells, hand-written
place cards and my father’s annual treat for everyone --chocolate
turkies from See’s Candies.
I carried the regal bird to the table on a heavy silver platter
that was nearly twice the size of the turkey and gently placed
the attraction at the head of the table. Now was the real moment
of truth, to slice into the turkey using Grandfather’s coveted
carving knife with the mule deer antler handle.
The first clue that something was amiss happened when I made
the first cut. Normally one has to use a little effort to separate
the leg and thigh portion from the body of the turkey. This allows
for the next cut, a slice parallel to the body of the turkey at
the base of the breast, followed by vertical slices of the breast
meat.
As I dug into the thigh joint with the knife, the whole side
of the turkey crumbled and small shards of dark meat spilled onto
the platter. Oh well, maybe I got it a tad bit overdone but I
am sure the rest of the turkey, the white meat, will be just fine.
Now that was a stupid assumption on my part. The dark meat, the
joints of a turkey, cook slower than the more lean white meat
on the turkey’s breast. So if the dark meat had literally fallen
off the bone after a gentle nudge from the knife, it was a sign
that the breast was most likely incredibly overcooked. So much
so, as it turned out, that the dream of supping on wild turkey
breast was reduced to the horror of seeing that the breast meat
had actually cooked away into a sort of white turkey dust. There
was, in front of my eyes, nothing more than a few dried leathery
strips of what had been the bird’s most succulent morsels of meat.
Now before you venture off into the woods to wring the neck of
your turkey, sit down with a hot cup of coffee, a yellow legal
pad, a calendar and a sharpened number two pencil with a good
eraser. A successful Thanksgiving dinner on the table takes planning
and organization. Don’t leave things until the last minute or
you’ll forget to whip the cream, the parker house rolls will be
cold and the Jell-O salad will need another hour to get out of
its frozen mold.
Some cooks prefer to prepare their Thanksgiving dishes in advance,
sometimes days before the Holiday. Pie crusts can be made and
formed into their shells and then frozen. At the last minute the
pumpkin filling is poured in and the pie popped into the oven
for baking.
Personally, I plan and organize a little differently, but I leave
all of the cooking to the morning of Thanksgiving. I may spend
hours pouring over the slate of recipes that will be prepared,
and then more time writing out the shopping list. I intensify
my planning when it comes to scripting out what needs to be done
when. I go into incredibly minute detail-“put water in saucepan
at 3:00p.m., bring to a boil, add green beans, reduce heat to
low, cook two minutes, drain, place in silver vegetable server,
top with butter, sprinkle with previously toasted almonds.”
But to me, cooking pie ahead of time falls short of my vision
of the memory of Thanksgiving. Sure, having a frozen pie crust
on hand saves time, and usually leaves you with a soggy crust.
Oh how rich it is to wake at 4:30 a.m. and start the sausage and
giblets off in a hot frying pan swimming with butter then tossing
the scrumptious meats with cubes of crusty sourdough and stuff
it into that big, fat turkey. It is satisfying to know that everyone
else is sleeping while you are singing away in the kitchen making
them a special dinner.
Now that the recipes are decided let’s turn our attentions to
how we are going to cook our turkey.
Weber tells you to “grill” or “smoke” a turkey out on the patio,
Farberware tells you to use an electric turkey roaster, the Italians
say put the turkey on a spit in front of an oak fire. The current
rage is to immerse a whole turkey into a vat of hot fat and deep-fry
the bird -- a terribly unsafe method (if the towering flames I
saw on the consumer reports segment of the local news the other
night are anything to go by).
They are all perfectly appropriate methods for cooking turkey
on this day. However, the simplest method is the cleanest and
the most effective: place the turkey on a rack which is placed
in a heavy roasting pan. Put the roasting pan with the turkey
into the oven and let it go. A few hours of smelling the sweet
aroma of roasting turkey and voila, you will draw a spectacular
turkey from the oven all golden and glistening with juices.
Now, on to our second point. During the roasting of the turkey
there are a few critical details to attend to.
There are advocates on both sides of the turkey fence who argue
as to the virtues of basting. My Mother used to drape her turkey
in a wrap of cheesecloth. The turkey looked like a sort of Egyptian
God swabbed in sacrificial linens.
Mother basted the turkey with cup upon cup of melted sweet butter.
As the butter oozed over the skin of the turkey, it created a
sheath of air between the meat and bird, a moisture lock that
kept the meat moist and skin crisp. The butter seeped down into
the bottom of the roasting pan, swirling into the pan juices and
turkey broth creating the base for decadently rich turkey gravy.
I follow Mother’s example and baste my turkey. Instead of butter,
I used good quality chicken stock, basting the turkey about every
30 minutes during the cooking process. Beware though of those
cheap plastic turkey basters you find in the kitchenware’s section.
Even a slight slip of the wrist and the tip of that plastic baster
will hit the side of a hot oven and you will find yourself with
a melted turkey baster good only for the garbage can. Buy a baster
with a glass or metal tube and heavy-duty rubber bulb.
Why with all these gorgeous pan juices would you buy an envelope
of powdered gravy mix? Gravy is not your enemy. Like cooking turkey,
preparing gravy is terribly simple. But one small mistake in what
is a simple recipe will result in gravy clouded with lumpy clods
of flour and a gluey taste.
After the turkey is pulled from the oven, pull the roasting rack
cradling the turkey out of the roasting pan. Leave the turkey
on the rack. Place a large plate under the turkey to collect any
juices that run from the bird. Let the turkey rest at least 15
minutes to allow the juices to absorb into the meat. While the
turkey naps, make the gravy.
Again, when it comes to gravy I break with convention. Any gravy
recipe will tell you to pour off most of the fat from the roasting
pan, reserving just a few drops of the fat in the pan. Why would
anyone cast off that fat and juice that had taken hours to work
itself into such a precious elixir?
Place the roasting pan, and all of the pan juices and fat, over
two burners on the stovetop. Heat the burners to medium-high and
bring the fat to a boil. Now instead of “deglazing” the pan at
this point, stir in some flour. Whisk the flour with the juices
to create a dark, mahogany “roux,” that classical French term
that defines a base for sauces. Once the “roux” is thick and gooey,
add your favorite liquor. Fortified wines like Brandy, Madeira
or Sherry makes sweet gravy, Bourbon adds a twangy Southern accent.
Continue to cook and stir the gravy while slowly adding the turkey
stock that you made from the giblets the day before (or use chicken
stock).
Is there a special trick to clod-free gravy? No. Just before
service pass the gravy through a fine sieve to filter out the
lumps. Strainers are not a cop-out. They are designed to help
aid you in presenting a silky-smooth gravy on Thanksgiving.
On that fateful Thanksgiving day when I proffered up a wild turkey,
to the credit of the family and friends invited to the table,
no one winced or even said anything about what I deemed the most
horrific turkey anyone had ever laid eyes upon.
We proudly passed the silver tray around the table and every
single person took a helping of the dried-out, overcooked, hapless
turkey. Plates were filled with heaping portions of mashed potatoes,
rivers of gravy, mountains of dressing and Brussels sprouts.