No, I don’t mean to literally pick up a table
and physically turn it over, but to get a table of diners in and
out as quickly as possible and then shuffle them out the door
so that the next unsuspecting victims can be seated and then served
a stringy, tough sirloin and “loaded” baked potato. Salad bar
and mud pie are extra.
The words “fast” and “furious” are more likely
to be ingrained into the minds of many chefs. And the terms apply
both to the food and the equipment.
It has become a part of our culture to expect
that we can drive up to a fast-food joint and have our lunch literally
handed to us while we sit in our car. Just a two minute jaunt
off the highway to pickup a Double Whopper with Cheese and we
are on our way, cell phone in one hand, Diet Pepsi in the other,
the fries straddled between our legs. Some drivers juggle all
the elements of the meal while somehow managing to operate a motor
vehicle at freeway speed.
The food is made fast, delivered fast, and we
eat it fast, allowing us more time to cram yet more activities
into our day.
Take a behind the scenes tour of a more sophisticated
restaurant at about 7:00 p.m. on a Saturday night and you witness
for yourself what I mean when I say “fast” and “furious.”
You enter into the bowels of an industrial giant
– gleaming stainless steel covering the counters, work stations
and hoods above the stoves. You feel a blast of heat from the
scorching ovens and searing grills, the deafening noise of fans
designed to remove smoke and soot from your prime rib as it roasts.
The
chefs are furiously shouting out orders while line cooks wield
surgically sharp knives. The floors are a haven for microorganisms
– rubber mats designed to keep the cooks from slipping catch all
manner of grit, grime and muck. It is a disaster waiting to happen
and an environment that makes the local Occupational and Safety
Inspector wince in pain when he pays his monthly visit.
All of this controlled chaos is precisely scripted
to serve two purposes.
First, push a rookie chef through this type of
kitchen boot camp and it will show him what life is like in the
“real” world – you must be able to withstand the pressures of
feeding as many “covers,” i.e. diners, on any possible night.
You have to get that $20.00 appetizer of tuna seared quickly and
then squirted with wasabi cream as quickly as possible so that
the diners can move on to their main courses.
Secondly, most diners today want to get in, eat
and get out. Aside from addicted foodies like me, few of us today
want to spend upwards of 3 hours eating dinner. We tend to think
there are more fun pursuits out there than taking the time to
enjoy not only the experience, but the flavors and virtues of
slow-cooked foods.
But in our race toward “fast” and “furious”, we
have forgotten the values of “low” and “slow.”
Walk into any good American barbecue joint and
you will see first-hand what I mean by the terms “low” and “slow.”
A great example of the craft of “low” and “slow” can be found
at Chuck Hinton’s Rib Shack in Portland, Oregon.
I lived around the block from Chuck’s place –
a tiny storefront with a huge black kettle smoker sitting out
front on the sidewalk. Every morning at about 8:00 a.m. people
would start to loiter around Chuck’s place and take up residence
in one of the plastic chairs to be the first in line for his slow-cooked
ribs, brisket and sausage links.
My
favorite meat dish was the pulled pork sandwich-a mountain of
slow-cooked pork pulled into shards by hand and piled high on
a plain white hamburger bun.
Yet the customers wouldn’t be able to take lunch
home for another two or three hours. Chuck didn’t seem to open
the place until he was good and ready, and the ribs were just
right.
Although I was never able to pinpoint either the
cooking methods or the recipes used, I suspect that Chuck and
his crew actually started smoking those ruby-red, meltingly tender
ribs way before the crack of dawn.
While his customers were still snug in bed I imagine
Chuck was probably loading up that beaten-down smoker with logs
of hickory and mesquite. As the meats slowly-cooked and turned
in their fatty juices, the other dishes of the day were prepared;
cornbread, peach cobbler, dinner rolls, coleslaw and potato salad,
all handmade with slow, loving, tender care.
You had to get in line early at Chuck Hinton’s
because the place was so darn popular that if you didn’t have
lunch in hand by noon you could be out of luck, and the darn place
closed by 2:00 p.m.
I don’t know if Mr. Hinton is still in business
today, but I suspect he is, snickering to himself about the beauty
of “low” and “slow.”
The concept behind “low” and “slow” cooking is
simple – using a low temperature to cook meats slowly, allowing
the fat to slowly melt into the meat and the fibers in the meat
to slowly break down and become incredibly tender.
The trick behind “low” and “slow” cooking is to
choose the right cut of meat and to either baste the meat with
liquid or braise the meat in liquid so that it doesn’t dry out
during the long hours of cooking.
Pork is in fact one of the most popular meats
used in slow-cooked dishes. But you must use care in selecting
the right cut of pork for your slow-cooked recipe.
Over the past twenty years or so, in their “fast”
and “furious” onslaught to hyper-breed porky and provide America’s
tables with that “other white meat,” some pork producers have
gone too far-leaving us with pigs whose meat is lean yet virtually
tasteless.
Those of us who are pork connoisseurs are standing
up and saying, “Enough already! I’m mad as hell and I’m not going
to take it anymore!”
I
just had to chuckle recently when I read in the farm commodities
section of the Wall Street Journal that there is an effort underway
by a rogue group of pig farmers to go back to raising good old-fashioned
pork-the kind with a distinct layer of fat and marbling so that
your fried pork chop will taste just like the pork chops and apple
sauce that Grandma used to make.
Due to the public outcry for more flavorful pork,
you can now find boutique breeds in our finer gourmet grocery
stores with labels like “Black Kurobota Pork Loin.”
I suspect it will take about another ten years
or so before the cycle is back to square one and we will see more
fatty and tasty pork back in our markets. Until then, the rougher
cuts of pork like pork shoulder and “country-style” ribs will
do just fine in any slow-cooked dish.
Slow-braising pork in liquid keeps the meat moist
while it becomes tender. But I recommend you add some zest to
the water or you will end up with a sickly, boiled butt of pork.
An example would be to flavor the cooking liquid with chicken
stock, garlic and chili powder to enhance the flavors and to give
the pork a Mexican accent.
“Pulling” pork is an age-old method brought to
America by African-American slaves in the South. Pulling the meat
apart by hand will leave you with little bits of soft pork to
wrap up in an enchilada or to throw into a pot of beans.
Surprisingly,
duck also does quite well when slow-roasted in the oven.
I have spent many years, and gone through a whole
flock of ducks, in my pursuit of the perfect roasted duck recipe.
During my search, I came upon a recipe from a famous Seattle chef
who called for first roasting the duck in a very hot oven, turning
down the temperature and roasting the duck for about an hour,
removing the duck from the oven and then cutting it into quarters,
then sautéing the duck in a pan. What a ridiculous effort
I thought, too many unnecessary steps. Why not just take the low
road and let Daffy roast on his own and see what happens?
I tried and it worked. I found that a 275F/135C
oven works best. Trim the duck of any excess fat. Just place a
head of garlic cut in half into the cavity of the duck. Add a
sprig of thyme and rosemary if you like. Truss the legs of the
duck and tie them together so that the cavity is closed. Fold
the wings of the duck under the carcass.
Do not season your duck, not with Cajun spices
or with Herbes de Provence. No salt. No pepper. Nothing. Those
seasonings may burn during the slow-roasting process. Do the seasoning
at the table after the duck has been carved.
Now pour about a cup of water into the bottom
of a roasting pan. This will create steam in the oven which helps
keep the duck moist. The water also prevents the fat from the
duck from burning in the roasting pan, which can create horrific
clouds of burning duck smoke. Place Mr. Duck on a rack over the
roasting pan and put him in the oven.
Now sit back with your favorite book and a nice
glass of wine and let the duck roast for about 4 hours. Yes, 4
hours. Your only exercise during this time will be to baste the
duck about every 30 minutes or so. You see, the duck fat seeps
out into the water making a tasty basting liquid. Every time you
baste the duck with that liquid, it helps to squeeze more juice
out of the duck, which in turn enlivens your basting liquid even
more. And that basting liquid is what aids in delivering a golden,
crispy-skinned bird to the table.
Your family will be presented with a duck full
of unctuous nuggets of moist, tender, gamy meat that absolutely
melt in your mouth. Quite ducky if I say so myself!
The beauty of “low” and “slow” is being appreciated
more and more every day by restaurant chefs and home cooks alike.
Daniel Boulud of the famed restaurant Daniel in
New York has been known to slow-cook beef short ribs for up to
12 hours and then serve them in a deep, rich, red wine sauce with
freshly grated horseradish for the tidy sum of around $30.00.
And one of the most popular entrées making
the restaurant circuit right now is to slow-cook a leg of lamb
with a bundle of garlic for one day, yes, one whole day, 24 hours
to be exact. While I haven’t tried it myself, I am told that lamb-lover’s
literally cry when they tuck into this delicious joint of meat.
Another
sign of the increasing popularity of “low” and “slow” cooking
is witnessed by the growth in sales of that infamous cooking vessel
of the 1970’s, the crock-pot.
While the crock-pot of today is still adorned
with those awful kitschy flower motifs, the modern crock-pot also
comes in jet-set metallic chrome. Even better for those of us
who have to work by day, the crock-pot of the 21st century has
a sophisticated, built-in thermostat. We can put the chicken and
tomatoes in the crock-pot before we leave in the morning. When
we open the front door upon our return, we are met with the scent
of chicken cacciatore wafting through the house.