I never personally met Julia Child. Yet, like
so many of us, I counted Julia as one of my friends. Someone with
whom I would feel comfortable with relishing in the joys of a
fresh, salt-of-the-sea, Quilicene oyster from Puget Sound baked
until it was just warmed-through and swimming in a sea of garlic.
I can hear Julia’s hearty, almost gutterall, Smith
College laugh as we toast with our finest every day tumblers filled
with vintage Krug champagne and wish one another good health,
good cooking and good food throughout the new year.
Julia welcomed us into her kitchen and we returned
the favor every time we clarified butter or whipped farm-fresh
eggs into a light and fluffy meringue for the baked Alaska.
Julia
smiled and laughed when she told us not to be afraid of the evil,
prehistoric looking monkfish. “He’ll be good in a Bouillabaisse,”
she proclaimed.
In 2004, Julia left us, but I don’t see the loss
as a particularly sad one. Rather, I
have a sense of celebration for a life that brought the idea of
gourmet French cooking into the homes of America.
While I won’t ever have the chance to actually
cook dinner with Julia, I do have the opportunity to fête
her legacy by preparing a banquet celebrating her life.
Julia made cooking fussy French food fun and simple,
demystifying the edicts of Escoffiér. She let us know that
it was alright if the soufflé fell or the chicken dropped
on the floor. Cooking should first of all be fun with the added
bonus of allowing you to share the immense pleasure and satisfaction.
Julia thought that cooking was like a gift box
to be opened with anticipation for what lay ahead -- the joy in
a recipe for the perfect omelet or the perfect loaf of French
bread (hard crust and pillowy dough with lots of air holes inside).
Whatever pratfalls happened during the cooking process simply
added to the fun. Dan Ackroyd’s portrayal of Julia cutting up
a chicken will undoubtedly go down as one of the funniest moments
on Saturday Night Live, and Julia became one of Dan’s greatest
fans. She was never above having a laugh in the kitchen, particularly
at her own expense.
While writers will dedicate pages to penning the
definitive biography of Julia’s life, it really needs only a few
paragraphs to give one a sense of how Julia impacted our culture
and then became a brightly colored thread in the fabric of America’s
tastes.
Julia was a friend we met every Saturday morning.
We would sit down in front of our black and white television,
notepad in hand, while Julia gave us a spirited lecture on the
various cuts of lamb, using a whole carcass thrown up on the countertop
– gristle, fat, bone, meat and all – to great theatrical effect
as she cut the poor beast down into roasts, chops, steaks and
stew meat.
Julia would then go on to prepare a lavish boned,
rolled and stuffed breast of lamb or a whole leg of lamb “studded
with 40 cloves of garlic.” Garlic, argh, American’s would rant,
that stinky little onion the French eat. I venture to say that
Julia was largely responsible for the tons and tons of garlic
found in today’s American diet.
While living in France, Julia set out to publish
a French cookbook suited to American tastes with her co-authors
and friends Simone Beck and Louisette Bertholle.
After nearly ten years of laboring over every
teaspoon of vanilla in a cake recipe, testing and re-testing to
find the exact oven temperature for roasting partridge, being
turned down by more than one publisher, Julia and her friends
swayed Judith Smith who convinced her boss, Alfred Knopf, to publish
“Mastering the Art of French Cooking.”
Groaning like a well-fed Grandfather, at 684 pages
“Mastering The Art of French Cooking,” is now in it’s 40th edition
and still selling strong at $40 a copy.
I’ve always felt I could relate to Julia. Her
breakthrough into the new world of television came in the second
half of her life on February 11, 1963 in the studios of WGBH in
Boston on the show “The French Chef.” Like Julia, I did not find
my way into cooking on live television until my early forties.
With the support of her husband Paul, her lifelong
love and best friend, Julia set off to chart a course revolutionizing
cooking on television. And, as they say, “the rest is history.”
What drives us to spend hours picking pin bones
out of a salmon with tweezers or stirring clarified butter into
the perfect hollandaise sauce? It is an ambition driven by the
need to create something that gives others pleasure.
Julia seemed to be the type of person who would
share a bittersweet chocolate soufflé drowned in crème
anglaise, swirl a sweet German Gerwurtztraminer in her wine goblet
and then giggle wildly, diving her fork into the billowing tower
of warm, gooey chocolate.
And you don’t have to wait for a special occasion
or holiday to indulge in the same dishes that brought Julia so
much pleasure.
She wouldn’t wait for one day in December to carve
up the biggest goose she could find, stuffed with roasted chestnuts
and a forcemeat made from the goose liver and innards.
If Julia knew I was planning a dinner to celebrate
her life, I suspect she would have been quite satisfied with a
simple menu rather than a groaning board of say 50 dishes. But
it would have to be a menu of some of her favorite dishes, and
only the freshest, finest ingredients would do.
Duck liver, caviar, persimmon pudding, roast ribs
of beef and crowns of pork loin fitted with frilly paper caps
on each bone might appear on a cold winter evening for our feast.
But while those dishes might be within the restaurant budget of
a 4-star chef, I’m going to go back to dishes that Julia’s adoring
fans can easily afford and prepare – dishes that speak to Julia’s
ability to bring the joy of cooking dishes formerly found only
in finest dining rooms into our homes.
Rather than just list recipes lifted out of one
of Julia’s many cookbooks, I thought a more gracious way to celebrate
Julia’s life would be to put together a menu with some of her
recipes, a few of my own recipes, and a recipe from one of France’s
greatest chefs, owing to the fact that Julia got her start in
food courtesy of the French.
Julia
often talked about her love of fresh oysters in their au naturel
“raw” form.
For the life of me I cannot understand why anyone
wouldn’t like an oyster. Oysters give us pearls, and who would
turn up any creature who can produce expensive jewelry?
Imagine you are walking on the beach. The surf
is barely coming up to your toes, the wind whispering off the
Pacific. Now take a fresh Kumamoto, A Japanese variety of oyster
harvested in the Northwest, and suck it down. Dream of what the
sea should taste and smell like: fresh and a bit salty but not
“fishy.”
That is how to savor the taste of a fresh oyster
and that is why Julia more than likely would have scores of fresh
oysters and fine champagne to open for Christmas dinner. She’d
probably serve the oysters on a bed of crushed ice with some cocktail
sauce and wedges of lemon. To satisfy those who must dip everything
in sauce, Julia would have probably baked the oysters on the half
shell just to the point of being warmed through. She probably
would have laced the oysters with some bread crumbs, fresh herbs
and lots of garlic.
In “The Way to Cook,” Julia elaborated on her
absolute distaste for any shucked oysters sold in a jar, “I have
tried several sources of shucked oysters and I find they have
a quite strong off taste – almost of iodine, probably from preserving
chemicals. I don’t like them and do not use them.”
That is just one remark that demonstrates her
matter of fact opinions when it came to food. And clearly, Julia
wanted us to buy live, fresh oysters still in their shells and
for us to shuck them at home just before serving.
For dinner I faced a daunting task – present one
main entrée that would define and celebrate the life of
Julia Child. Now how can anyone even attempt to do that?
Through all the shows, the written pieces, the
cookbooks, my thought was that Julia liked all kinds of foods
from around the world and wouldn’t turn up her nose at anything
that was placed on the plate in front of her. In one interview
with Larry King on CNN, I remember Julia saying that she liked
a good “In’n Out Burger!”
I thought about doing a whole filet mignon napped
in a buttery sauce Bernaise accented by tarragon. Maybe I should
do that big roast goose, served with poached Anjou pear halves
filled with Ligonberry preserves. You know, a sort of Scandanavian
theme.
But remembering that Julia’s cooking roots were
more Paris than Stockholm, the goose stayed in the freezer. Maybe
we should do something vegetarian for Julia? I laughed that one
off pretty quick because I remember Julia would often wield her
chef’s knife while railing and arguing against the vegetarian
brigade. She’d rather have a thick, juicy, Kansas City strip steak
swimming in Maitre’d hotel butter than three, overcooked, limp
green beans.
I know – we’ll do something with a turkey. I seem
to remember a whole, deboned turkey that I saw Julia do on one
television show with her cherished friend Jacques Pepin.
Julia
dedicated exactly 7 ½ pages to the subject of roasting
turkeys in “The Way to Cook.” She included recipes for a traditional
whole roast turkey, “The Re-assembled Roast Turkey,” a “Boned
and re-formed turkey breast,” a “Broil-Roasted, Butterflied Turkey,”
and finally, “Laid-back Turkey.”
What I love about Julia’s cookbooks are the clear
color photos of instructions. She painstakingly showed me how
to remove the backbone for my “Re-assembled” turkey. Then she
went on, like an experienced surgeon teaching an intern, how to
remove the leg and thigh, de-bone the thigh, then truss and sew
the thigh and leg back into shape.
On it went through trussing the wings to the breast,
mounding the breast over a mountain of stuffing, roasting, then
“re-assembling” the turkey and finally, carving each specific
part of the bird.
Her instruction were meticulous and you simply
got hungry reading through them.
Since this high school biology experiment was
untested, I decided that I wouldn’t go to the expense of purchasing
an “heirloom” breed of turkey. You know, those big-feathered birds
that once roamed the meadows of New England and found themselves
the victims of the Thanksgiving table of the Pilgrims. Better
to start my turkey surgery with an average patient.
A 14lb. frozen turkey who probably spent its life
in the dark would suffice. Should the procedure fail, I would
have no worries that I had eviscerated a special turkey.
My
kitchen table became the “operating table” for the first steps
in the procedure. I really don’t have room in my 10 x 12 kitchen
to splay out a 30 pound turkey and remove nearly all its guts
and bones.
Remember to remove any giblet or sauce packets
from the cavity of the turkey. Legend has it that the number one
question to the “Butterball” turkey hotline is to inquire as to
where one can find the turkey giblets. In fact, one novice turkey
cook apparently left the plastic bag of giblets inside the turkey,
only to sense a disgusting stench wafting through the kitchen
about an hour into the roasting of the bird. After a frantic call
to the turkey operators it was determined the turkey cook had
left the giblets inside the bird, the plastic had melted, and
the disgusting smell of plastic and baked heart was what was permeating
the kitchen.
I covered the table with towels, laptop computer
to the side so as to have easy access to record my thoughts as
the procedure took place. The actual deboning turkey surgery only
took about 45 minutes.
Moving on to the stuffing, Julia provided Cornbread,
Sage and Sausage Stuffing, Sausage and Crouton Stuffing, Mushroom
Duxelles Stuffing, Ham and Bread, Rice and Giblet, Prune and Apple
with Sausage and finally, I’m stuffed myself just thinking about
it, Prune and Liver Paté Stuffing to accompany a Goose
or Duck. Whew!
Now in my family we always add chicken stock to
our stuffing to keep it moist. Julia didn’t call for stock in
the sausage stuffing, so I started to worry that the stuffing
would be too dry.
She didn’t say how much sage to use in the stuffing,
or whether it was dry or chopped fresh. Since I love the peppery
flavor of fresh sage, I used about 4 tbsp. of chopped fresh sage
leaves. But I also supplemented that with about 2 tablespoons
of dried poultry seasoning, that wonderfully fragrant blend of
dried sage, dried marjoram, thyme and oregano.
There, now that was enough tinkering with the
master’s stuffing recipe. Any more little additions just wouldn’t
make for an authentic Julia Child stuffed turkey.
I found that Julia wasn’t always precise with
her recipes, a trait that I later found she shared with one of
France’s finest chefs. Pros may be able to “feel” the right amount
of herbs to put in the stuffing, but home cooks need the assurance
of exact measurements.
Suprisingly, the recipe for stuffing was about
5 times what I needed to rest the turkey on. (It’s kind of sad
to see how small a de-boned 14 pound turkey is.) Since I’ve just
removed the backbone, a bit of the lower ribs and the thigh bone,
I’d probably removed nearly half the bird’s weight.
I forgot to season the inside of the thighs with
salt and pepper and sage before tying it up. Since, as with the
stuffing, Julia didn’t specify what kind of sage, I used fresh
chopped sage leaves to season the second thigh. Julia also didn’t
specify what kind of oil to use to rub over the turkey, so I used
olive oil.
And since I still wasn’t convinced that one could
have a good result with stuffing without stock or lots of melted
butter, I put the remaining stuffing in a bowl, poured in 2 cups
of chicken stock and scooped it into a casserole dish.
Nor did Julia talk about basting during roasting.
No drizzling with butter. No basting with pan juices. Nothing.
I would have to resist my natural inclinations for basting all
meats that I roast. I hope Julia was right and that our turkey
would turn out golden brown.
I also didn’t totally trust Julia’s directions
for roasting the turkey. She recommended 2 hours for the breast
and merely 1 ¼ hours for the legs/deboned thighs. A small
amount of time I thought. Since my Mother roasted her birds what
seemed like all day, I thought I better fall back on the time
tested method of stabbing a thermometer into the turkey and waiting
until it reached 165º. At that stage the turkey is definitely
done.
At the two-hour mark of cooking, the internal
temperature of the bird was just under 150º, a sure sign
that if we ate dinner now we would get some sort of horrific strain
of avian stomach flu. At this point, my bird was pale and limp.
It would take another hour before he was golden and his breast
brimming with pride.
I ended up putting the baked stuffing on a platter
since I couldn’t lift the whole lot, turkey, turkey drumsticks,
and stuffing, out of the roasting pan in one big scoop.
So I sort of sculpted a mound of stuffing on a
serving platter and then plopped the breast on top of the stuffing
and stuck the legs in from the sides. It actually did look pretty
much like the pretty photo in “The Way to Cook.”
While not a fan of dark turkey meat, the drumstick
and thigh proved to be the tastiest, moistest part of the turkey.
The stuffing was moist; even without the stock
I was sure had to be added.
The stuffing got even better in succeeding days
after being baked and re-baked, especially those crusty little
bits of toasted stuffing that stick to the sides of the casserole
dish on day four – now those are the best parts.
Since we seem to always have to have some type
of cranberry dish to accompany our Christmas dinner, I decided
on Julia’s simple recipe for “Cranberry Chutney.” It proved to
be the absolute star of the test dinner.
The idea of serving cranberry with turkey is that
the tangy, acidic taste of the berries counter-balance the rich
flavors of turkey.
Chutneys are different from traditional cranberry
sauce because they have a bit of onion and some other spices added,
sort of like a thick, chunky jam.
While Julia listed that the recipe “makes about
1 quart,” her calculations were off. The recipe made nearly twice
that much chutney, nearly 2 quarts of the relish.
The only change I made to the recipe was to add
about 1 cup of orange juice to thin things out a bit. Certainly
that wouldn’t have doubled the recipe. But that is the nature
of why we came to love Julia Child and her kitchen.
She listed seasonings in a group, not separately
listed in the order they are used. She wasn’t always right with
cooking times or with final quantities, but I think in her world,
cooking wasn’t black and white nor was it always precise. Cooking
was an adventure – finding the right tastes and textures to suit
your personal tastes. Julia simply provided the map and you drove
down the path to find your own way.
During cooking the Julia’s chutney turned a ruby-garnet
shade of red so intense I had never seen something so perfectly
created for the Christmas table.
Now it was on to the potatoes and I thought another
perfect way to pay homage to Julia would be to do a potato dish
from one of France’s finest Michelin-starred chefs.
She was always interested in the classical French
method of cooking and how she could bring that back home, and
France’s classically trained chefs provided her with much of her
education.
Joel Robuchon is one of France’s most decorated
chefs. While Chef Robuchon isn’t as infamous as Paul Bocuse or
Alain Ducasse, he is just as talented. And although Chef Robuchon
appears on television and has published cookbooks like his contemporaries,
he seems to prefer to spend more time in the kitchen than in front
of the camera.
What is surprising is the dish that Chef Robuchon
is most famous for is a simple puree of russet potatoes, a double-mashed
potato if you will. One wouldn’t think that 4-Michelin stars were
won on potatoes, but the fact that every fine dining restaurant
and steakhouse in America now serves some version of Chef Robuchon’s
puree is testament to the popularity of the dish.
Next up on the dinner menu would have to be some
sort of green vegetable.
Brussels sprouts really aren’t anybody’s favorite,
but somehow we still buy tons of the little dickens. It’s like
I can hear the voice of the Jolly Green Giant tapping me on the
shoulder and saying “eat your brussels sprouts David or you won’t
get any ice cream for dessert.”
Not to worry, Julia has plenty of recipes for
brussels sprouts in “The Way to Cook.” In fact, this is the only
cookbook I’ve seen that dedicates 3 pages and 7 different Brussels
Sprouts recipes.
Even with a vegetable so many people turned their
noses at, Julia never wavered. She was an unfailing supporter
of even the most hated of foods. She wanted us to taste everything
and to discover the subtleties of something others told us was
bad.
Since I wasn’t going to stuff a goose with the
chestnuts I bought, and I knew Julia loved chestnuts, I decided
on her recipe for “Brussels Sprouts with Braised Chestnuts.”
Her commentary in her recipes was often humorous
and inspired us to test the recipe just to see if the joke was
on us. For example, in the Brussels Sprouts recipe, Julia called
us to “cut one open and eat it, to be sure, it should be cooked
through but still have a slight crunch.” That was her way of coaxing
us over the fence to the land of Brussels Sprouts delight.
The menu was almost complete but would need one
final, sweet, crowning glory to add to the great feast we had
just eaten.
I imagined if Julia were in the kitchen she would
wield one of her tacky plastic spatula’s high over head and proclaim,
“start making the hard sauce for the pudding!”
I adore any type of dark, English-style pudding
– chock full of dried fruits and liquored up with gallons of stiff
brandy or rum. A good old-fashioned dessert would provide the
ultimate ode to Julia this evening.
For those of you who don’t understand why our
British friends call desserts “pudding,” heres the scoop. While
in America, we seem to associate “pudding” with Bill Cosby and
Jell-O, in England the term pudding was used for anything that
was steamed in a dish or bag. These usually involved suet and
could be either sweet (plum pudding) or savory (steak and kidney
pudding). Over time the term became a catch-all for dessert, although
the savory puddings are still a favorite.
In any case, I thought we’d bake the popular English
Sticky Toffee Pudding with Rum Raisin Sauce.
Sticky Toffee Pudding is a dark cake that gets
most of its flavor from reconstituted dried dates. The dates add
moisture and color to the cake.
About halfway through the baking process, some
caramel sauce is spooned over the cake. As the cake finishes in
the oven, the caramel turns to the “sticky toffee” candy type
stage. Once the cake is inverted after baking, the “sticky toffee”
is on the bottom.
I took some of the caramel sauce and doused it
with brandy and golden raisins to make a rum raisin sauce that
I poured over slices of the cake.
A final garnish of cool vanilla ice cream and
a sprig of mint would be the last dish in my Celebration Dinner
for Julia.
Over the course of three weeks, I had tasted,
tested, sautéed, seared, stewed, stirred and sipped dozens
of Julia’s classic recipes in order to come up with my final menu
of dishes.
Weeks were spent developing each dish so that
the end result would please every guest. Golden raisins had to
be used for the rum raisin sauce because they are sweeter and
plumper than dark raisins. We didn’t need extra stock for the
stuffing because covering it with the boned turkey breast would
keep the stuffing from drying out. Every detail had been looked
over. And that, my friends (and Julia), is I think a befitting
tribute to an American icon. A few short words, written out of
love and appreciation, to a treasured friend who brought so much
joy.
When I sat down to taste my creations (and re-creations),
I thought about what Julia meant to me.
Each word I wrote, each bite I took, limned a
picture of what it must have been like at the dinner table with
Paul and Julia and their families and friends.
I realized that Julia is still with us, and not
just in “spirit.” Her books, her television shows, even the “Saturday
Night Live” parody of Julia butchering that poor, limp chicken,
will live with us forever.
In her later years it became apparent that time
had passed Julia by. She had developed a sort of hunch and shuffled
her feet in the tiny little kitchen of her Connecticut home.
Her knife skills weren’t as acute and she mainly
sat to the side while other cooks prepared the dishes. Julia’s
task was to offer to place a dirty muffin pan in the sink or to
offer a clean spatula to stir the cake batter. It was almost as
if some young, eager television producer had propped Julia up
on a stool, displaying her as a kitchen prop while some trendy
celebrity chef seared foie gras and poached white peaches.
But in spite of the effects of time on her body,
her soul was still pure Julia – warm, friendly and compassionate
– with a twinkle in her eye and a taste for a good sticky bun
or Southern fried chicken with cream gravy. The voice still fluttered
in those high C tones and the verve for food was still strong.
I think Julia herself realized it was time to
take a rest from nearly 50 years at the stove. It was time for
the champion to go out while she was still pretty much at the
top of her game. Time for others to carry the torch that will
light another generation of American cooks.
Julia retreated back to her childhood home of
California, living out her final days in a retirement community
in Santa Barbara. She still made an occasional appearance at awards
dinners given in her honor and the occasional interview on “Today”
or “Good Morning America,” but the best of the television days
were over.
I suspect that Julia would want us to celebrate
her life rather than weep over her passing. Her memory, the smells,
tastes, the joy and the “art” she brought to us, lives on in her
cookbooks and the boxed sets of tapes from her numerous PBS television
shows.
People often ask me, as a “television” cook myself,
who I admire the most. Which celebrity or personality do I admire
and which one do I aspire to be the most. What show, what network,
do I like?
Every time, without wavering, I give one simple
answer. I tell them it was Julia. No one ever blazed the same
trail that Julia trod for the way we cook. And no one today has
the same influence on the simple art of teaching us how to cook.
You see, for me that is what is most important. While it certainly
is important to get ratings and shares for the advertisers, and
a bit of charm and a model’s profile doesn’t hurt, it really isn’t
about the “schtick” is it? It’s about teaching us how to cook,
how to enjoy and how to love food and cooking. And that’s what
Julia gave us.
I don’t aspire to be like any other cook. Like
most people, I am at my best when I am myself. And that I suppose
is the greatest lesson I learned from Julia.
Take some time and prepare your own celebration
dinner for Julia.
It doesn’t really matter if they are my dishes
or a potato recipe from a Michelin 4-star French chef. It really
doesn’t matter if they are Julia’s recipes.
What does matter is that we feast on foods and
recipes that are born out of tradition and love. I have a sense
that is the way Julia would want us to celebrate her life.
I wish you a prosperous 2005.